嵌入传统之中的理性主义--博纳尔德保守主义政治思想述评

Embedding Rationalism in Traditionalism--A Review of Louis de Bonald′s Conservative Political Thought

博纳尔德是法国大革命时期颇具影响力的保守主义政治思想家,其政治学说主要是对法国大革命的回应。博纳尔德像其他保守派一样捍卫传统社会,却又似乎同启蒙论者一样求助于理性主义。他构建一种“三元主义”的理论体系来维护绝对君主,重新定义“公意”来反驳启蒙理性,主张社会有机体论以对抗个人主义。研究博纳尔德反大革命的理论有助于我们全面认识和理解法国大革命时期的政治思想以及法国的保守主义。

Louis de Bonald was an influential conservative political thinker during the French Revolution,whose political theory was mainly a response to the Revolution.Bonald defended traditional society just like other conservatives,but seemed to turn to rationalism like the enlightenment thinkers.He constructed a theoretical system of"trinitarianism"to defend absolute monarchy,redefined"general will"to refute the reason of enlightenment,and advocated the theory of social organism to oppose individualism.The study of Bonald′s theory of counter-revolution helps us fully understand the political thought of the French Revolution and French conservatism.