数字化发展与农产品批发市场技术进步--兼论农产品电商渠道的中介效应

Digital Development and Technological Progress of Agricultural Products Wholesale Market--On the Intermediary Effect of E-Commerce Channel of Agricultural Products

农产品批发市场是农产品流通的主阵地,批发市场的技术进步是做大做强农产品加工流通业的根本动力。当前数字经济蓬勃发展,厘清数字化发展对农产品批发市场技术进步的贡献意义重大。基于2013—2019年我国省级面板数据,利用SBM-GML指数测算农产品批发市场技术进步率,利用熵值法测定数字化发展水平和农产品电商渠道发展水平,利用固定效应模型、门槛回归模型分析数字化发展对农产品批发市场技术进步的影响作用及其阶段性,通过中介效应模型探究农产品电商渠道发展在影响过程中的中介作用。研究发现,农产品批发市场全要素生产率的提高主要得益于技术进步,而数字化发展可有效驱动农产品批发市场技术进步;农产品电商渠道发展在数字化发展影响技术进步的过程中具有中介作用,这种作用在一定程度上削弱了数字化发展对技术进步的促进效果,这主要归因于电商发展所形成的渠道分流和渠道壁垒效应;数字化发展对技术进步的影响存在双重门槛效应,在相继跨越两个门槛值时,数字化发展对技术进步的推动作用由中转强再转弱。农产品批发市场的发展要顺应数字时代需求,在响应数字经济政策号召的同时发挥自身在农产品流通中的枢纽地位优势,以柔性融合的对策应对电商的刚性落地,通过升级数字化服务功能、双渠道流通功能和冷链仓储功能,逐步形成渠道合力,实现数字化转型和供应链效率提升。

The wholesale market serves as the primary hub for the distribution of agricultural products,and its technological progress is the fundamental driving force for the realization of a bigger and stronger agricultural product processing and circulation industry.At the moment,the digital economy is thriving,therefore it is critical to understand how it contributes to the technological advancement of the agricultural wholesale market.Based on the provincial data of China from 2013 to 2019,the SBM-GML index is used to measure the technological progress rate of the wholesale market of agricultural products,and the entropy method is used to measure the development level of digital development and e-commerce channel for agricultural products respectively.The fixed effect model and threshold regression model are used to investigate the impact and the nonlinear impact effect of digital development on the technological progress of the wholesale market of agricultural products,and the intermediary effect model is used to explore the intermediary role of the e-commerce channel.The results show that:technology advancements in the wholesale market of agricultural products primarily increase total factor productivity,and digital development has the potential to significantly accelerate this advancement;the development of e-commerce channel plays an intermediary role in the process of digital development affecting technological progress,which to some extent weakens the promotion effect of digital development,owing to the channel diversion and channel barrier effects formed by e-commerce development;and the impact of digital development level on technological progress has a double threshold effect,when the two thresholds are crossed,the driving force of digital development on technological progress shifts from medium to strong and then to weak.The development of the wholesale market of agricultural products should comply with the needs of the digital era,fully exploit to the hub advantages while responding to the policy guidance of the digital economy,and respond to the rigid landing of e-commerce with flexible integration measures.By upgrading the digital service function,the dual-channel circulation function and the cold-chain storage function,the wholesale market would gradually form the channel synergy and realize the digital transformation and the efficiency improvement of the supply chain.