颈部动脉夹层研究进展

Progress of cervical artery dissection

颈部动脉夹层是指由于内膜撕裂,出血进入内膜下间隙,导致血管狭窄甚至闭塞。虽然颈部动脉夹层整体发病率不高,却是导致中青年缺血性脑卒中的重要原因。近年来,已有多项研究通过探究颈部动脉夹层的危险因素、临床表现、影像学表现以及不同治疗方法的优劣进一步精细化颈部动脉夹层的临床管理。目前对于颈部动脉夹层发病机制及诱因的探讨、各个影像学诊断方法的比较以及治疗策略选择是研究的热点,有助于制定个体化诊疗方案,从而降低神经功能障碍的发生。

Cervical artery dissection characterized by a tear in the tunica intima,with resultant leak of blood into the tunica media,resulting in vascular stenosis or even occlusion.Although the overall incidence of cer⁃vical artery dissection is not high,it is an important cause of ischemic stroke in young and middle-aged adults.In recent years,a number of studies have further refined the clinical management of cervical artery dissection by ex⁃ploring the risk factors,clinical manifestations,imaging findings and advantages and disadvantages of different treatment methods.At present,the discussion on the pathogenesis and inducement of cervical artery dissection,the comparison of various imaging diagnostic methods and the selection of treatment strategies are the research hot⁃spots,which are helpful to individualized diagnosis and treatment plan,so as to reduce the occurrence of neurologi⁃cal dysfunction.