从权力分割到政区分离--北宋古渭寨政区化研究

From the Division of Power to the Separation of the Administrative Division--Research on the Administrative Regionalization of Guweizhai in North Song Dynasty

熙丰变法中的熙河开边以古渭寨升级为通远军为重要节点,而这一政区化过程有着显著的阶段特征。中央派遣官王韶在与秦凤旧有势力的斗争中确立了古渭寨的基础地位;市易司从秦州到古渭寨的迁移展现了市易司对秦州地方经济权力从权力分享到权力分割的转变,标志着政区化的展开;秦凤缘边安抚司的设置对秦凤路的军事权力分割加速了古渭寨的政区化进程;通远军的设立对秦州进行政区分离,昭示古渭寨政区化的完成。从古渭寨到通远军的政区化过程既代表了熙丰拓边预备的完成,又体现了统县政区调整中政治因素的绝对主导地位,并以其过程的阶段分化代表了中国古代社会新置统县政区的一种生成路径。

It was a significant node of the establishment of Tongyuanjun in the expanding territory activities in northwest region of Northern Song Dynasty during the political reformation of Wang An-shi.The promotion of GuweiZhai to TongyuanJun was clearly divided into four stages.Firstly,WangShao established the basic position of GuweiZhai during the combat with the local power of Qinfenglu.Afterwards the relocation of ShiyiSi from Qinzhou to Guweizhai showed the recessive transform from power sharing into power division which could be regarded as the deepening of the political regionalization.Thirdly,the establishment of QinfengYuanbianAnfuSi cut apart the military power of Qinfenglu and quickened this process.At last,the establishment of Tongyuanjun separated Qinzhou district.This process showed the completion of the preparation of expanding territory activities in Xining and Yuanfeng periods,embodied the predominance of political factors in the adjustments of administrative divisions,and represented a typical generate path of the new tongxian-level-distric in ancient China.