上排渣式全断面竖井掘进机凿井技术与应用

Sinking Technology and Application of Full-Face Shaft Boring Machines with Upper Muck Discharge

为验证全断面竖井掘进机凿井技术的可靠性,依托宁海抽水蓄能排风竖井工程,解析上排渣式全断面竖井掘进机上排渣系统、开挖系统、姿态调整系统及井下动态实时监控系统等关键系统的设计及应用。应用表明:1)在井壁上布置环向导水槽和优化掘进排渣参数,保证了竖井掘进机在凝灰岩含水地层的顺利通过;2)采用前装刀设计满足使用要求,通过刀盘支地系统和刀具更换工装,实现了竖井掘进机前装刀的安全更换;3)采用竖井掘进机独特的姿态调整方法,满足了井筒掘进的精度要求;4)基于渣土称重和热成像原理,解决了粉尘环境下吊桶装渣的可视化作业;5)采用基于UWB技术的竖井掘进机分层平面定位系统,实现了竖井作业区域内人员的实时定位。

To validate the reliability of the sinking technology of full-face shaft boring machines(SBMs), a case study is conducted on the Ninghai pumped storage and ventilation shaft;design and application of the full-face SBM systems,such as upper muck discharge, excavation, attitude adjustment, and down-shaft real-time monitoring are investigated. The results reveal the following:(1) The arrangement of circumferential drain grooves on the shaft wall and parameter optimization of boring and mucking guarantee successful boring by SBMs in a water-containing tuff stratum.(2) The front cutters fulfill the operation requirements, and the gripper system and cutter replacement tooling ensure the safe replacement of the front cutters.(3) The specialized attitude adjustment method in SBMs can fulfill the precision requirements.(4) The visualized operation of mucking in a dust environment can be realized based on muck weighting and heat-imaging principles.(5) The real-time positioning of operators in a shaft can be realized by using a layered plane positioning system of SBMs based on Ultra-wideband.