互联网平台垄断问题何以进入政策议程?--基于多源流理论的分析

How Did the Issue of Internet Platform Monopoly Enter the Policy Agenda?——An Analysis Based on Multiple-Streams Theor

互联网平台反垄断政策有助于保护市场公平竞争并维护消费者利益和社会公共利益。多源流理论在探析互联网平台垄断问题进入政策议程的内在逻辑上具有一定适用性。平台垄断焦点事件、相关数据和平台反垄断执法现状构成问题源流。已有的反垄断政策、专家学者的建议以及国外平台反垄断的经验构成政策源流。反垄断机构权力日趋集中、数字经济发展的迫切需求以及公众对平台垄断的日渐不满构成政治源流。“政治之窗”持续开启促成三大源流耦合,从而推动互联网平台反垄断政策出台。互联网平台反垄断政策议程设置也提供了一些有效经验,如注重政策反馈的积极作用、加强借鉴国际社会政策经验、构建多元化的政策意见渠道等。

Anti-monopoly policies on internet platforms help protect fair competition in the market and safeguard the interests of consumers and the public interest.The multiple-streams theory has certain applicability in exploring the internal logic of the issue of internet platforms monopoly entering the policy agenda.Specifically,the focus on platform monopoly,relevant data and the current situation of platform antitrust enforcement constitute the problem stream;the existing antitrust policies,the recommendations of experts and scholars,and the experience of foreign platform antitrust constitute the policy stream;the increasing concentration of the power of antitrust agencies,the urgent need for the development of the digital economy,and the growing public dissatisfaction with platform monopoly constitute the political stream.The continued opening of the“political window”has led to the coupling of the three streams,thus promoting the introduction of the internet platform antitrust policy.The internet platform anti-monopoly policy agenda setting also provides some effective experience,such as focusing on the positive role of policy feedback,strengthening the reference to the policy experience of the international community,and building a diversified policy opinion channel.