儿童哲学:从“科目”到“方法”

Philosophy for Children:From a School Subject to an Educational Approach

在学校实践中,儿童哲学常常是作为一门相对独立的科目或课程呈现的。对于这种“科目化”倾向,儿童哲学的倡导者主要从学习基础、价值基础、课程基础、师资基础等方面进行辩护,但这些辩护也面临着“工具化”、“专门化”、“综合化”、“结构化”方面的困境。要克服这些困境,真正发挥儿童哲学的教育价值,就需要改变这种“科目化”的倾向,将儿童哲学化为尊重儿童、探究观念、深化学科教学乃至重建学校教育的方法。

Philosophy for children presents itself as a relatively independent subject or program in school.In response to the“subject-oriented”tendency of philosophy for children,proponents defend it by justifying its foundation of children s learning,educational values,curriculum and teaching faculty and so on,while the defense also faces the challenges in making philosophy for children to be instrumental,specialized,comprehensive and structuralized.In order to overcome these challenges and reveal the true value of philosophy for children,we should transform philosophy for children from a subject to an approach that shows respect for children,encourages them to explore ideas,enhances the subjects teaching and learning,and even reconstructs school education.