制度、资源与组织行动:村庄产业绿色转型的演进机制

Institutions, Resources and Organizational Action: The Evolution Mechanism for the Green Transition of Village Industries

产业兴旺是乡村振兴的首要任务。已有研究从政府、市场、社会的角度静态分析了影响村庄产业转型的主要因素,而较少关注村组织与内外环境的互动关系所产生的影响。本研究以浙北石村为典型个案,基于制度、资源与组织行动者的分析框架,梳理了石村自改革开放以来经历的由“卖石头”到“卖竹子”再到“卖风景”的产业绿色转型之路。研究发现,国家在宏观制度层面释放出来的公共权力与空间是村庄产业转型的基本前提;项目下乡与工商资本下乡则为村庄提供了各类有形与无形的资源;村庄的资源禀赋、共同体意识,尤其是村庄精英群体对外部制度空间、资源输入的判断与把握,对内部经济资源、社会资本等条件的利用则是造成产业转型效果差异化的内在因素。

Industrial prosperity is the prominent task of rural revitalization. Existing studies have statically analyzed the main factors of industrial transformation from the perspective of government, market and society while less attention has been paid to the impact of the interactive relationship between the organization and the internal and external environment on the process of industrial transformation. Based on the framework of institutions, resources and organizational actors, the study takes Shi Village in northern Zhejiang as a leading case, and analyses the village’s green transition from being mining industry oriented, handicraft industry oriented to being service industry oriented since the inception of the reform and opening up policy. The public power and space released by the state is the basic premise to the transformation of the village industry. Projects and industrial and commercial capital provide various resources for villages. The village’s resources endowment and community consciousness, especially the judgment and grasp of external institutional space and resources, as well as the use of internal economic resources and private-sector capital by the village elites, which are the internal factors that lead to the differentiation of industrial transformation.