殊途同归:农村老年协会互助养老的发展脉络与优化导向

All Paths Leading to the Same Destination:The Development and Optimization of Rural Elderly Association Mutual Aid Services:Based on the Comparative Analysis of Four Cases

老年协会是具有政治、经济、文化、社会等多重功能的基础性、综合性的现代互助组织,是开展农村互助养老的重要组织抓手。农村老年协会互助养老共同的发展历程包括老年人组织的非正式互助一规范建设老年协会和互助志愿队伍一运营互助幸福院、托老所等硬件设施。农村老年协会互助养老按照主导制度逻辑可以划分为互助逻辑主导型、行政逻辑主导型、市场逻辑主导型、专业逻辑主导型。不同地区老年协会通过双向吸纳、协商、竞争等方式与多元制度逻辑进行互动,互动结果包括强化、退守、弱化等。总体而言,无论哪一种类型的农村老年协会互助养老想可持续发展,都需要依赖和强化互助逻辑,这是互助养老的本质特征,也是未来建立党领导下的均衡社会养老体系和老龄社会治理体系的基础。

The elderly association is a basic and comprehensive modem mutual-aid organization with multiple functions,and it is an important organization to carry out rural mutual-aid elderly services.Rural elderly association mutual-aid services contain 3 stages,informal mutual,construction of elderly association and mutual-aid volunteer team,operating elderly facilities,which according to the dominant system logic can be divided into mutual logic dominant,administrative logic dominant,market logic dominant,professional logic dominant,and so on.Elderly associations in different regions interact with the logic of multiple systems through two-way absorption,negotiation,and competition,with the results including strengthening,retreat,and weakening.In general,in order to achieve sustainable development,it is inseparable from the dependence on and strengthening of mutual aid logic.