从社会互动到国家战略:中国老年社会参与的概念拓展与新时代特色

From Social Interaction to National Strategy:Conceptual Expansion and Features in China of Social Participation of the Older People

作为源自社会互动的一个学理概念,老年社会参与发轫于西方社会,通常被视为一种有力的分析视角,而非确凿的操作化概念。在中国语境下,老年社会参与立足于积极应对人口老龄化国家战略,概念范畴呈现综融性,概念层次具有全景式,概念内容扩展至多维与多元。在积极老龄观的指引下,中国老年社会参与从宽泛的理念共识淬炼为明确的政策话语体系,历经40余年的政策孕育、探索与实践推进,极具新时代中国的鲜明特色。无论是老年人主体性的再确立,还是兼具融入社会和参与建设的双重意涵,中国老年社会参与致力于形塑代际共同体,以消解老龄社会新形态的复杂张力,并为之注入全人群与全生命周期的社会动力。

As a theoretical concept derived from social interaction,social participation of the elderly originated in Western society,which is usually regarded as a powerful analytical perspective rather than a conclusive operational concept.In the Chinese context,the social participation of the elderly is based on the national strategy of actively coping with population aging.Under the guidance of active aging,the conceptual category is integrated,the conceptual level is panoramic,and the conceptual content is expanded to multiple dimensions.The participation of the elderly in China has been refined from a broad conceptual consensus to a clear policy discourse system.After more than four decades of policy formulating,exploration,and practice,it is of distinctive Chinese characters in the new era.Whether it is the re-establishment of the subjectivity of the elderly or the dual meaning of integrating into society and participating in construction,the participation of the elderly society in China is committed to shaping the intergenerational community in order to eliminate the complex tension of the elderly society and inject the social power of the whole population and the whole life cycle into it.