规范与情感:道德评价标准的融合统一

Norms and Emotions: The Integration of Moral Evaluation Criteria

道德评价是道德调节社会的主要形式,其调节尺度即道德评价标准影响着社会发展与道德进步间的对称性问题。围绕道德评价的标准问题,历来存有规范主义与情感主义之争。如单从道德规范的视角,容易走向道德绝对主义;若仅从情感维度出发,则容易落入道德相对主义的窠臼。从社会道德实践来看,道德既无法外在于人,也不能完全内在于人。因此,需要尊重道德评价的相对多元性,既注重规范,亦尊重情感,在两者的相对融合统一中,合情合理地对社会事件做出相对客观的道德评价,以不断促进社会和谐运转。

Human society is regulated by morals mainly through the form of moral evaluation.Its regulation scale,namely moral evaluation criteria,affects the harmony between social development and moral progress.Regarding the issue of moral evaluation criteria,there has always been a dispute between prescriptivism and emotivism.In fact,it would get stuck in moral absolutism if considered only from the perspective of moral norms;However,from the emotion perspective alone,it tends to fall into moral relativism.According to the practice,morals can neither lie outside man,nor completely lie inside man.Therefore,it is necessary to recognize the diversity of moral evaluations,focusing on both norms and emotions.So,to achieve a society’s harmonious operation,social events should be objectively evaluated on the integration and unity of the two.