比较分析口腔种植覆盖义齿修复与全口义齿修复牙列缺失的应用效果

Comparing and Analyzing the Application Effect of Dental Implant Over⁃lay Denture and Complete Denture for Dentition Loss

目的 对比口腔种植覆盖义齿修复与全口义齿修复牙列缺失的应用效果,分析两种修复方法的优缺点。方法 随机选取2016年1月—2020年12月福州市第七医院口腔修复科收治的60例牙列缺失患者作为研究对象,采用数字表法将其分为A组(30例)和B组(30例),A组采用种植覆盖义齿修复、B组采用全口义齿修复,对比两组患者牙槽嵴吸收情况、短期固位情况、口腔健康影响程度量表(OHIP-14)评分和满意度评分。结果 A组患者前牙区和后牙区的牙槽嵴吸收量分别为(1.52±0.23)、(1.96±0.16)mm,低于B组的(1.88±0.27)、(2.14±0.28)mm,差异有统计学意义(t=5.559、3.057,P<0.05);两组短期固位优良率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,A组OHIP-14评分低于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。A组咀嚼功能、美观度、舒适度满意度评分分别为(8.41±1.36)分、(8.64±1.22)分、(8.53±1.39)分,均高于B组的(7.49±1.24)分、(7.48±1.36)分、(7.36±1.41)分,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.738、3.478、3.237,P<0.05)。结论 种植覆盖义齿修复牙列缺失短期固位效果理想,牙槽嵴吸收较低,提高患者的生活质量和满意度。

Objective To compare the application effects of dental implant overdenture and complete denture for denti⁃tion loss,and to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods.Methods The 60 patients with missing dentition loss admitted to the Stomatology Department of Fuzhou Seventh Hospital from January 2016 to December 2020 were randomly selected as the research objects,and they were divided into group A(30 cases)and group B(30 cases)by the digital table method,group A was repaired with implant overdentures,and group B with complete den⁃tures.Alveolar ridge absorption,short-term retention,Oral Health Impact Scale(OHIP-14)score and satisfaction score were compared between the two groups.Results The anterior and posterior alveolar ridge absorption in group A were(1.52±0.23)mm and(1.96±0.16)mm,respectively,lower than those in group B(1.88±0.27)mm and(2.14±0.28)mm,and the difference was statistically significant(t=5.559,3.057,P<0.05);there was no statistically statistical sig⁃nificance in the rate of short-term retention between the two groups(P>0.05).After treatment,the score of OHIP-14 in group A was lower than that in group B,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The satisfaction scores of mastication function,aesthetics and comfort of group A were(8.41±1.36)points,(8.64±1.22)points and(8.53±1.39)points,respectively,which were higher than those of group B(7.49±1.24)points,(7.48±1.36)points and(7.36±1.41)points,the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=2.738,3.478,3.237,P<0.05).Conclusion Implant-covered denture has ideal short-term retention effect,lower alveolar ridge absorption,and improved patients'quality of life and satisfaction rate.