岩石隧道TBM选型的成本判定法

Cost Determinate Method of Tunnel Boring Machine Type Selection for Hard Rock Tunnels

为解决TBM选型缺乏统一的标准,从而造成很大的争议,或者因为决策缺乏科学性而影响工程的难题,通过总结分析不同TBM机型的优缺点及TBM选型的主要争议点,提出成本判定法的概念,尝试探讨通过采用不同机型TBM的方案对TBM采购费用、配套设备费用、场地费用、支护费用、人工成本、掘进速度、成洞质量、环保成本、作业环境、劳动强度、施工风险和安全风险等主要成本因素的影响,对成本费用进行量化,最终把TBM选型问题简化为量化的、不同机型TBM的总成本和工期之间的对比,并以此提炼出针对TBM选型的一套可量化的、相对科学的思路和方法。成本判定法可以进行经济层面的量化,提高可比性,可操作性强,有利于科学地进行TBM的选型,可以有效控制项目施工的费用和工期风险。

At present,there is no unified standard for tunnel boring machine(TBM) type selection,resulting in great contrary arguments and influence on project.In this paper,the advantages and disadvantages of various types of TBMs and major points in dispute are summarized,and the concept of cost determination method is proposed for the first time.Then,the influence of various TBM type selection schemes on the major cost factors such as purchase cost,auxiliary equipment cost,space expense,supporting cost,labor cost,advancing speed,final tunnel quality,environmental protection cost,working environment,labor intensity,construction risks,safety risks,etc.is discussed to quantify the costs and further simplify the TBM type selection in comparison between cost of quantified and various types of TBMs and construction period.Based on this,a suit of quantitative and scientific methods for TBM tyoe selection is obtained.The cost determination method can be quantified at the economic level to improve the comparability with high operability,which is conducive to scientific type selection of TBM and the effective controlling of the costs and risks of project construction.