全球视角下中国物流业效率的再评估--基于42个经济体劳动数量与成本的效率与生产率对比

Re-Evaluating the Efficiency of China’s Logistics Industry from a Global Perspective:Comparison of Efficiency and Productivity Based on Labor Quantity and Labor Cost among 42 Economies

基于全球视角,运用DEA和全局Malmquist指数,分别考虑劳动数量投入和劳动成本投入,利用WIOD的社会经济账户数据,测算2000-2014年42个经济体物流业效率及全要素生产率,以客观评价中国物流业效率及全要素生产率在全球的地位。研究表明,以劳动成本投入测算的技术效率,不同经济体更具可比性。考虑劳动数量投入时,中国物流业的技术效率被严重低估;而考虑劳动成本投入时,中国物流业的技术效率显著提高,位列全球42个经济体的第8位。无论哪种评估方法,中国物流业的规模效率都十分低下,存在物流资源利用效率不高以及集约化、网络化运作水平低下等问题.

DEA and global Malmquist index are used to evaluate the logistics industry efficiency and total factor productivity of 42 economies from 2000 to 2014 based on the WIOD social economic accounts from the global perspective.The results show that different economies are more comparable in terms of technical efficiency measured by labor cost input.Considering the labor quantity input,the technical efficiency of China’s logistics industry is seriously underestimated.When labor cost is taken into account,China’s logistics industry is significantly more technologically efficient,ranking the 8th among the 42 economies.No matter which evaluation method is taken,however,the scale efficiency of China’s logistics industry is very low,which indicates that there still exist some problems such as low logistics resource utilization efficiency,and the low level of intensification and network operation.