原位工程化根治技术和增施生物有机肥对盐碱地土壤酶活性及甜瓜产量、品质的影响

In-situ engineering radical resection technology and increased application of bio-organic fertilizers affects soil enzyme activity,yield and quality of melon in saline land

为探究盐碱地原位工程化根治技术和增施生物有机肥对盐碱地的治理效果,在大田条件下以甜瓜为试材,研究了盐碱地原位工程化根治技术核心材料凹凸棒石盐碱阻隔材料不同铺设量(45.0、37.5 t·hm^(-2))和生物有机肥施肥量[高(1800 kg·hm^(-2))、中(1200 kg·hm^(-2))和低(600 kg·hm^(-2))]对盐碱地土壤养分含量及酶活性和甜瓜产量、品质的影响。结果表明,不同凹凸棒石盐碱阻隔材料铺设量处理下,45.0 t·hm^(-2)处理的土壤pH值下降了0.95,脱盐率达40.15%,土壤有机质含量及脲酶、碱性磷酸酶、蔗糖酶活性均显著高于其他处理,甜瓜产量(42 708.65 t·hm^(-2))显著高于CK。不同生物有机肥施肥量下,45 t·hm^(-2)处理下高施肥量的土壤有机质(14.12 g·kg^(-1))、脲酶活性(9.47 mg·g^(-1)·24 h^(-1))均显著高于其他施肥量。综上,在民勤绿洲应用盐碱地原位工程化技术较优效果的凹凸棒石盐碱阻隔材料铺设量为45.0 t·hm^(-2),增施生物有机肥施肥量为1800 t·hm^(-2)。

In order to explore the in-situ engineering radical resection technology of saline land and increased application of bio-organic fertilizer effected on salineland,a field experiment using melon as crop was conducted at two laying amounts(45.0 t·hm^(-2),37.5 t·hm^(-2))of saline-alkali barrier material and three application amount of bio-organic fertilizer[high(1800 kg·hm^(-2)),middle(1200 kg·hm^(-2))and low(600 kg·hm^(-2))]to study soil nutrients,enzyme activity and yield and quality of melon.The results showed that under different laying amounts of saline-alkali barrier material,the salt rejection rates of 45.0 t·hm^(-2) treatments was 40.15%and the pH value decreased by 0.95,respectively.The organic matter content and urease alkaline phosphatase and sucrase activitieswere of soil were significantly higher than other treatments,and the yield of melon was 42708.65 t·hm^(-2)significantly higher than CK.Under different bio-organic fertilizer application rates,the soil organic matter(14.12 g·kg^(-1))and urease activity(9.47 mg·g^(-1)·24 h^(-1))of high fertilization rate under 45 t·hm^(-2) treatment were significantly higher than other fertilization rates.The results show that under the experimental conditions,the application of saline-alkali land in-situ engineering technology in Minqin oasis to obtain the core material of saline-alkali barrier material with better effect of saline-alkali land treatment is 45.0 t·hm^(-2),and the application amount of bio-organic fertilizer was 1800 t·hm^(-2).