T. S.艾略特诗歌中的佛教思想与比较宗教学

T. S. Eliot ’s Buddhist Thoughts in His Perspective of Comparative Religion

学界对佛教思想在T.S.艾略特思想体系中的位置有着长期争论,解决这一问题的重点在于其比较宗教学观念。比较宗教学深刻地影响了艾略特的哲学学习进程,也塑造了其佛教思想的基本模式。通过对早期比较宗教学家,包括穆勒、泰勒、弗雷泽、列维-布留尔等人相关理论的吸收和反思,艾略特将佛教思想与以基督教为代表的西方传统放置于比较的框架之中,反叛以西方理性为唯一标准的“一体论”,构筑了具有先锋意义的多元文化论。佛教思想之于艾略特,并非如先前批评家们所说,仅仅具有艺术技法或某一哲学观念上的借鉴意义,而是其思想体系中极其重要的一环,成为西方传统之外的另一隐性传统。

There have been widespread debates on the importance of T.S. Eliot’s Buddhist thoughts in his ideology system, and this paper attempts to answer this question from the perspective of his comparative religion studies neglected by former researchers. Under the influence of the relevant theories of comparative religion, Eliot placed the Buddhist thought and the Western tradition represented by Christianity in a comparative framework, rebelled against the universalism with western rationality as the sole criterion, and built a pioneering multiculturalism. For Eliot, Buddhism is not only a source of artistic skills or a reference to a certain philosophical concept as the previous critics have indicated, but also an extremely important part of Eliot’s ideology and becomes a hidden tradition besides Western tradition.