免疫检查点抑制剂相关肺炎的诊疗研究进展

Research progress in diagnosis and treatment of checkpoint inhibitor pneumonia

随着近年来以免疫检查点抑制剂为代表的肿瘤免疫疗法的不断发展,有关免疫治疗相关不良反应的报告也逐渐增多。临床上,免疫检查点抑制剂相关肺炎(CIP)的死亡率较高,早期识别和干预对患者的预后有重要意义。然而CIP的临床表现缺乏特异性,在诊断及鉴别诊断中存在较大困难;在治疗方面,皮质类固醇为一线治疗药物,但部分CIP对皮质类固醇不敏感,在处理策略方面仍然存在一定的争议。本文就近年来CIP诊断和治疗方面的研究进展予以综述,希望可以为临床决策提供参考。

With the continuous development of tumor immunotherapy represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors in recent years,the reports of adverse reactions related to immunotherapy are gradually increasing.Clinically,the mortality rate of checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis(CIP)is high,early identification and intervention are of great significance to the prognosis of patients.However,the clinical manifestation of CIP is lack of specificity.There are great difficulties in diagnosis and differential diagnosis.In terms of treatment,corticosteroids are first-line treatment drugs.But a part of CIP is not sensitive to corticosteroids,and of which the treatment strategy is still some controversy.This article reviews the research progress in the diagnosis and treatment of CIP in recent years,hoping to provide reference for clinical decision-making.