基于表面微结构复制与润湿性调控的水下仿生防污技术研究进展

Research Progress of Underwater Bionic Antifouling Technology Based on Surface Microtopography Replication and Wettability Control

海洋生物污损会对人类海洋活动和海洋工业产生诸多不利影响,传统使用有机锡或金属离子杀生剂的防污策略会导致环境污染与生态系统的破坏,大自然生物有机体所展示的天然抗粘附机制为绿色防污材料研发带来新的灵感。受生物表皮物理结构及仿生防污机制启发,本文从生物表皮微结构研究入手,综述了仿生微结构复刻与表面润湿性调控两种水下仿生防生物污损策略的研究进展,并展望其前景。

Marine biofouling has many adverse effect on human marine activities and marine industry. The traditional antifouling strategies of using biocide such as organic tin and metal ions can lead to environmental pollution and ecosystem destruction. The natural anti-adhesion mechanism exhibited by organisms brings a new idea to the research and development of green antifouling materials. Inspired by biophysical epidermis physical structure and bionic antifouling mechanism, this paper reviews the research progress of two underwater bionic antifouling strategies, namely the bionic microtopography reproduction and the surface wettability regulation, and their future development is also prospected.