基于转化效率的资源型省份红色旅游经济高质量发展

High-quality development of red tourism economy in resourceful province based on resource transformation efficiency

针对旅游资源效率评价中多个投入要素共同产出的综合效率无法剥离单一投入要素的产出效率问题,采用修正DEA模型、空间自相关方法、地理探测器模型等方法,评价了2020年湖南省81个红色旅游景点的资源转化效率及其交互影响机制。结果表明:(1)湖南省红色旅游资源转化效率为0.332,且呈现东高西低和北高南低的空间格局;(2)红色旅游资源投产效率与资源转化效率的局部空间关联呈现由东向西逐渐递减的变化趋势,以此为基础可将湖南省红色旅游资源效率类型划分成资源投产效率协同区、产业综合提质增效区、资源效率转化升级区、资源综合产能提升区和资源综合效能培育区5种;(3)产品创新能力、人力资本质量和旅游市场规模3个内生因子是影响湖南省红色旅游资源转化效率的主导因子,而内外因子交互影响是导致其空间分异的主要方式。

According to the comprehensive efficiency of multiple input factors in the evaluation of tourism resource efficiency, which cannot separate the output efficiency of a single input factor, in the perspective of tourism resource transformation efficiency, the resource transformation efficiency, its spatial differentiation characteristics and the interaction influence mechanism of the 81 typical red tourist attractions were evaluated by using the modified DEA model, spatial autocorrelation method and geographical detector model in Hunan province in 2020. The results showed that:(1) The transformation efficiency of red tourism resources in Hunan was 0.332, and it presented a spatial pattern of high in the east and low in the west.(2) Red tourism resources production efficiency and transformation efficiency of local space correlation from east to west gradually exhibited a decreasing trend. On this basis, the efficiency types of red tourism resources can be divided into five types, that is, the coordinated efficiency of production of red tourism resources, the comprehensive quality and efficiency improvement of red tourism industry, the transformation and upgrading of red tourism resources, the comprehensive production capacity improvement of red tourism resources, and the comprehensive efficiency cultivation of red tourism resources.(3) Three endogenous ability elements, namely, product innovation ability, human capital quality and tourism market scale, were the leading factors of red tourism resources in Hunan. Product innovation ability and science and technology information level, human capital quality and tourism market scale, human capital quality and economic development level were the internal and external factors leading to the spatial differentiation. The results enriched the theory of tourism efficiency research and can provide scientific reference for regulating the efficiency of red tourism resources to provide feasible development approaches and promoting the high-quality transformation and development of red tourism economy in Hunan province.