“强—弱可持续”视角下土地整治对区域脱贫的贡献度

Contribution of land consolidation to poverty alleviation from the perspective of "strong-weak sustainability"

作为解决区域贫困问题的有效手段,开展土地整治对区域可持续脱贫具有重要推动作用。针对土地整治对可持续脱贫的支撑程度,基于“强—弱可持续”理论,以乌蒙山连片特困区为研究区,构建土地整治脱贫机制解析框架,借助结构方程模型构建土地整治支撑脱贫的假设并验证,结果显示:(1)土地整治工程对区域脱贫产生直接效益的总效应值为0.72,贡献于间接效益的总效应值为0.42,表明土地整治可直接支撑区域脱贫的直接效益,但对区域发展的间接效益贡献度尚显不足。(2)直接效益对间接效益的影响总效应值为0.96,土地整治为脱贫带来的直接效益对区域发展的间接效益贡献度较大。(3)土地整治各要素对资源初期改善度及直接、间接效益的贡献率具有差异性。新增耕地和土地平整为资源初期改善带来的贡献度较大,土地流转和机械化程度对直接效益的贡献度较大,企业收入和税收对间接效益的贡献度较大。为提升土地整治对区域的脱贫作用,应加强直接效益的巩固以促进间接效益的强可持续,研究为土地整治效益的挖掘与发挥提供参考,为国土空间规划背景下的全域国土综合整治和乡村振兴战略提供参考建议。

As an effective means to solve the problem of regional poverty, land consolidation plays an important role in promoting regional sustainable poverty alleviation. Regarding the extent to which land consolidation supports sustainable poverty alleviation, based on the theory of strong sustainability and weak sustainability, taking the Wumeng Mountain as the study area, we constructed the analytical framework of the poverty alleviation mechanism of land consolidation, and proposed and verified the hypothesis of land consolidation supporting poverty alleviation with the help of the structural equation model. The results showed that:(1) Land consolidation project of poverty alleviation engines produce direct benefits of total effect value of 0.72, contribute to the total effect of the indirect benefits of a value of 0.42,indicating that land consolidation can directly support the crucial direct benefits out of poverty, but the indirect benefits of regional development contribution are still inadequate.(2) The total effect value of direct benefits on indirect benefits is 0.96. The direct benefits brought by land consolidation for poverty alleviation contribute more to the indirect benefits of regional development.(3) The contribution rates of each element of land consolidation to the initial improvement degree of resources and the indirect and direct benefits are different.New cultivated land and land leveling contribute more to the initial improvement of resources, land transfer and mechanization contribute more to the direct benefits, and corporate income and tax contribute more to the indirect benefits. In order to improve the effect of land consolidation on regional poverty alleviation, it is necessary to strengthen the consolidation of direct benefits to promote the strong sustainability of indirect benefits. This study provides references for the excavation and play of land consolidation benefits, and suggestions for the comprehensive land consolidation and rural revitalization strategy in the context of territorial spatial planning.