南京市城乡交错带多维识别与特征分析

Multi-dimensional identification and feature analysis of Nanjing’s urban-rural fringe

开展城乡交错带研究对城乡融合发展与乡村振兴都具有重要的理论与现实意义。以南京市为例,通过构建城乡交错带多维识别指标体系,采用随机森林模型算法,识别城乡交错带空间分布范围并分析其特征。研究表明:南京市城乡交错带呈组团式或带状集中分布在城市外围,其分布格局与城镇等级体系以及南京自身形状特征相吻合,未来建议加快城乡交错带内新城、新市镇的城市化进程,并将其他城乡交错带作为编制村庄规划的优选区域;城乡交错带具有过渡性、模糊性和多样性特征,过渡性是区分城乡交错带与城市和农村的关键,而模糊性和多样性增加了城乡交错带识别的难度,因此新数据、新方法、多指标综合或是新阶段城乡交错带精确识别与深化研究的重要方向。

The study on urban-rural fringe is theoretically and practically significant for urban-rural integration development and rural revitalization. Taking Nanjing as an example, this study firstly constructed a multi-dimensional identification index system, and then identified the urban-rural fringe at administrative village/community scale using the random forest model.The characteristics of land use, social economy and population of urban areas, urban-rural fringe, and rural areas, were compared and analyzed consequently. The result shows that the urban-rural fringe in Nanjing is mostly concentrated in urban periphery in a cluster or belt shape, and its distribution pattern is consistent with the planned urban hierarchy system and administrative extent of Nanjing. It is suggested that the urbanization process of new cities and towns in the urban-rural fringe should be sped up in the near future, and other villages/communities within urban-rural fringe could be considered as the preferred area for compiling village planning. The urban-rural fringe shows typical features of transition, fuzziness, and multiplicity. Transition is the essential characteristic to distinguish urban-rural fringe from urban and rural areas, while fuzziness and multiplicity make the identification of urban-rural fringe more difficult. Therefore, combining new data and new methods to establish a multi-dimensional characteristic index system will be an important direction for accurate identification and deepening research of urban-rural fringe in the new stage.