通信电源系统智能浪涌保护模块的设计与防护特性

Design and Protection Characteristics of Intelligent Surge Protection Module for Communication Power Supply System

通信电源系统面临着严酷的暂态过电压应力,传统过电压保护器难以兼顾雷电过电压保护水平与长期运行可靠性,其防护失效的问题严重影响通信基站运行的安全可靠性。文中提出了一种由限压型压敏电阻与短路型可控开关组成的智能可控浪涌保护模块的设计理念,通过对直流参考电压、可控比等参数的理论分析与自动能量耦合触发电路的实验研究,研制出了智能过电压防护模块样机,并进行了性能验证实验。浪涌保护模块直流参考电压为2.16 kV,在380 V额定工频电压下运行,其工作的荷电率很低,泄漏电流很小,在标幺值为2(基准值380V)的工频过电压下依然能保持长期的可靠稳定运行。在10 kA范围内(标准8/20雷电流),浪涌保护模块的冲击残压最大值为1.5 kV,冲击残压与直流参考电压之间的压比约为0.7,远小于常规限压型过电压保护器约1.5的压比。智能浪涌保护模块的过电压保护水平得到了显著的提升,为通信基站的稳定、安全运行提供了有力的保障。

The communication power supply system is facing severe transient overvoltage stress. The traditional overvoltage protector is difficult to take into account the lightning overvoltage protection level and long-term operation reliability. The protection failure seriously impairs the safety and reliability of the equipment operation. This paper proposed a design concept of an intelligent controllable surge protection module composed of a voltage-limiting varistor and a short-circuit controllable switch. Through theoretically analyzing the parameters of DC reference voltage and controllable voltage ratio and the experimental research of automatic energy coupling trigger circuit, a prototype was developed and a performance verification test was carried out. The DC reference voltage of the surge protection module is 2.16 kV.Its operating charge rate is very low, and its leakage current is very small under the rated frequency voltage of 380 V.Meanwhile,the surge protection module can still maintain long-term reliable and stable operation under 2 per unit overvoltage. In the range of 10 kA(8/20), the maximum residual voltage of the surge protection module is 1.5 k V, and the voltage ratio can be controlled within 0.7, much smaller than that of the conventional limited overvoltage protective module which is approximately 1.5. Consequently, the voltage protection level of the intelligent surge protection module can be significantly improved, and the stable and safe operation of the communication base station can be strongly guaranteed.