城市居家失能老人对专业护理上门服务的需求现状及其影响因素

Present status on demand on professional home nursing service for urban home-based disabled elderly and influencing factors

目的了解城市居家失能老人对专业护理上门服务的需求现状及其影响因素。方法于2021年1-3月选取杭州市某2个社区315名居家失能老人为研究对象,调查其一般人口学资料、慢性病患病情况、自理能力以及对专业护理上门服务及服务项目的需求等。采用二元Logistic回归分析老人一般人口学因素对其专业护理上门服务需求的影响。结果74.0%的城市居家失能老人对专业护理上门服务有需求。专业护理服务项目中对健康促进类需求较高的是用药指导、营养护理、生活自理能力训练、安全护理和康乐活动;对常用临床护理类需求较高的是紧急情况的救护服务、普通伤口护理、更换一次性引流装置和氧气吸入;对专科护理类需求较高的是中医护理、慢性/感染性伤口换药、疼痛护理、失禁性皮炎护理。女性、80岁以上、月收入较高、非文盲的老人对专业护理上门服务有显著需求。结论城市居家失能老人对专业护理上门服务需求较大,用药指导、营养护理、安全护理、康乐活动、健康指导、照顾者支持、心理护理是需求较高的项目。发展居家养老护理服务体系过程中,可优先考虑供给这几个专业护理项目,尤其可针对女性、80岁以上、月收入较高、非文盲的老人制定相关的专业护理上门服务。

Objective To study the present status on demand on professional home nursing service for urban home-based disabled elderly and its influencing factors.Method Choose 315 home-based disabled elderly from 2 communities in Hangzhou from Jan.to Mar.2021,investigate their general demographic information,chronic disease,daily living ability and their demand on professional home nursing service and items.Analyze the influence of general demographic factors on demand on professional home nursing service for elderly by binary Logistic regression.Result Totally 74.0%urban home-based disabled elderly have demand on professional home nursing service.Demand on medication guidance,nutritional nursing,daily living ability exercise,safety nursing and recreational activity are high in health promoting items of professional nursing service.Demand on emergency care service,ordinary wound care,changing disposable drainage device and oxygen inhaling are high in common clinical nursing.Demand on traditional chinese medicine nursing,changing dressing on chronic/infected wound,pain nursing and incontinence dermatitis nursing are high in specialist nursing.Female,>80 years old,with high monthly income and educated elderly have significant demand on professional home nursing service.Conclusion Urban home-based disabled elderly have strong demand on professional home nursing service.Medication guidance,nutritional nursing,safety nursing,recreational activity,health guidance,caregivers’support and psychological nursing are mostly demanded items.These items should be considered firstly to be given during the process of developing home-based care system,especially providing corresponding professional home nursing service for female,>80 years old,with high monthly income and educated elderly.