梅岭风景区松墨天牛羽化及传播松材线虫规律

Eclosion of Monochamus alternatus and Transmission of Pine Wood Nematodein Meiling Scenic Area

为掌握梅岭国家风景名胜区松墨天牛羽化规律及其传播松材线虫的规律,于2021年在风景区松材线虫病发生区收集枯死松树,进行室内饲养天牛实验。结果表明,松墨天牛羽化始于4月中旬,终于6月下旬,羽化高峰时段为5月中旬—6月上旬,雌、雄天牛羽化规律无明显差异,羽化高峰期雌性天牛略晚于雄性天牛。传播松材线虫的规律有明显的时间动态变化,天牛羽化初期传播线虫水平极低,羽化7 d后传播水平迅速升高,传播线虫的高峰时段为天牛羽化后的12~30 d,之后保持较低传播水平,雌、雄天牛传播松材线虫规律无明显差异。松墨天牛羽化初期是防治松材线虫病传播的关键阶段,在其羽化初期对其进行杀灭,可有效控制松材线虫病的传播。

In order to ascertain the emergence regularity of M.alternatus and transmission regularity of PWN in Meiling National Scenic Area,the dead pine trees were collected in PWD epidemic area and conduct experiments.The results showed that the eclosion of M.alternatus in our city began at the middle of April and ended at the late of June.The peak period of eclosion is from mid-May to early June.There was no significant difference in the eclosion rule between male and female M.alternatus.The peak of female beetles eclosion is slightly later than the male.The regularity of PWN transmission has obvious time dynamic changes.The transmission level of PWN in the early stage of M.alternatus emergence is very low,but the level rises rapidly one week after beetle emergence.The peak period of transmission of PWN is 12~30 d after the emergence of M.alternatus,and then maintain a low level continue to transmit.There was no significant difference between male and female beetle in PWN transmit.The early stage of emergence of M.alternatus is the key stage to control the spread of PWD,and killing it in this stage can effectively control the spread of this disease.