经皮耳迷走神经刺激术改善认知功能障碍的中枢神经调节机制研究进展

Recent advance in central nervous regulatory mechanism of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation in improving cognitive function

迷走神经刺激术(VNS)是通过对迷走神经传入纤维的间断性慢性刺激以达到治疗目的的神经调节技术,其对中枢神经系统功能性疾病的疗效显著,已被美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)批准用于难治性癫痫、抑郁症和偏头痛等疾病的治疗。经皮耳迷走神经刺激术(taVNS)是一种基于传统VNS及迷走神经解剖特点发展而来的新型无创性神经调节疗法,具有广泛的中枢调节作用,通过调节认知相关脑皮质及神经核团功能、调节炎症反应、促进神经递质传递等,改善认知状态,在认知相关疾病中应用前景广阔。本文围绕taVNS改善认知功能障碍的中枢神经调节机制研究进展进行综述。

Vagus nerve stimulation(VNS)is a neuromodulation technique that achieves therapeutic purpose through intermittent and chronic stimulation of vagus nerve afferent fibers,which has a remarkable effect on functional diseases of the central nervous system,and has been approved by FDA for intractable epilepsy,depression and migraine treatments.Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation(taVNS)is a new type of non-invasive nerve regulation therapy based on traditional VNS and vagus nerve anatomy,and has a wide range of central regulation;taVNS can improve the cognitive state by regulating functions of cognition-related cerebral cortex and nerve nuclei,regulating inflammatory response,promoting neurotransmitter transmission,and so on,which has a broad application prospect in cognition-related diseases.This paper mainly summarizes the recent advance in central mechanism of taVNS in improving cognitive function.