水下/空气爆炸复合复板断裂机制研究

Study on fracture mechanism of cladding plate in underwater/air explosive cladding

当复板材料厚度小于2 mm时,空气爆炸复合加工过程中容易出现复板断裂问题,而水下爆炸复合技术则在很大程度上避免了上述问题,表现出较广的应用范围和良好的加工质量。然而,水下/空气爆炸复合复板断裂的机理尚不清楚,限制了爆炸复合技术的大规模工业应用。基于此,开展薄复板的水下/空气爆炸复合试验,研究爆炸冲击作用下复板从加速到撞击基板全过程的受力和运动状态,从材料力学角度揭示复板拉伸变形机制,并得出复板断裂的影响因素。研究发现,空气中爆炸复合复板的拉伸率是水下爆炸复合的8~10倍,炸药爆速、复板和基板之间的板间距是复板断裂的主要影响因素。研究成果为提高爆炸复合加工质量提供了理论指导和数据支撑。

When the thickness of the fly plate is less than 2 mm,the cladding plate is easy to break down during the process of explosive cladding in air.The underwater explosive cladding technology can avoid the problems above to a great extent,and it can be applied in a wide range and has good processing quality.However,the fracture mechanism of cladding plate is still unclear in underwater/air explosive cladding,which limits the large-scale industrial application of explosive cladding technology.Therefore,tests of the underwater/air explosive cladding with thin cladding plates are carried out,the stress and motion state of the cladding plate during the whole process from acceleration to impact on the substrate under the impact of explosion are studied,the tensile deformation mechanism with the material mechanics is revealed,and the impact factors are obtained.The results show that the tensile rate of the cladding plate in air is 8~10 times of that under water,the detonation velocity and spacing between substrate and cladding plate are the main factors of the fracture of cladding plate.The research results provide theoretical guidance and data support for improving the quality of explosive cladding processing.