老年人复原力与主观幸福感关系

Association between resilience and subjective well-being among community old adults

目的了解老年人复原力与主观幸福感之间的关系,为提高老年人的心理健康水平提供参考依据。方法于2020年6月—2021年7月采用分层随机抽样方法在上海市、四川攀枝花市和内蒙古鄂尔多斯市抽取42个社区共16720名≥65岁老年人进行问卷调查,并应用多因素广义线性回归模型分析老年人复原力及其力量性、乐观性和坚韧性3个维度与主观幸福感的关系。结果最终纳入分析的15319名≥65岁老年人的主观幸福感中位数得分为77.1分;复原力总分中位数为57.0分,力量性、乐观性和坚韧性3个维度的中位数得分分别为19.0、9.0和29.0分。在控制了性别、年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、自评健康状况、吸烟情况、饮酒情况、蔬菜摄入情况、水果摄入情况和体育锻炼情况等混杂因素后,多因素广义线性回归模型分析结果显示,与最低四分位数组相比,老年人复原力总分第二四分位数组、第三四分位数组和最高四分位数组均与主观幸福感得分呈正相关[(β=2.1,95%CI=1.5~2.7)、(β=6.2,95%CI=5.5~6.8)和(β=10.8,95%CI=10.2~11.5)],力量性维度得分第二四分位数组、第三四分位数组和最高四分位数组均与主观幸福感得分呈正相关[(β=1.8,95%CI=1.0~2.6)、(β=3.9,95%CI=2.9~4.9)和(β=6.7,95%CI=5.5~7.9)],乐观性维度得分第二四分位数组、第三四分位数组和最高四分位数组均与主观幸福感得分呈正相关[(β=1.1,95%CI=0.4~1.8)、(β=2.3,95%CI=1.5~3.1)和(β=3.4,95%CI=2.5~4.3)],坚韧性维度得分最高四分位数组与主观幸福感得分呈正相关(β=2.3,95%CI=1.2~3.4)。结论老年人复原力与主观幸福感存在正相关关系,提升力量性和培养老年人乐观心态可提高老年人的主观幸福感。

Objective To investigate the association between resilience and subjective well-being(SWB)among Chinese community older adults.Methods Face-to-face interviews were conducted among 16720 old adults(aged≥65 years)recruited with stratified random sampling at 42 communities in Shanghai municipality,Panzhihua prefecture of Sichuan province and Ordos prefecture of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region during Jun 2020-July 2021.Generalized linear regression model was used to examine the association of subjective well-being with the three dimensions of resilience:strength,optimism and tenacity.Results For the 15319 participants with valid responses,the median of SWB was 77.1.The median score of overall resilience was 57.0,and the medians of strength,optimism and tenacity were 19.0,9.0 and 29.0respectively.The results of generalized multivariate linear regression analysis showed that after adjusting for gender,age,education,marital status,self-rated health,smoking,alcohol drinking,vegetable intake,fruit intake and physical activity,the participants with a higher overall resilience score were more likely to have higher SWB compared to the participants with the overall resilience score of the first(the lowest)quartile,with the coefficients(β)(95%confidence interval[95%CI])of 2.1(1.5-2.7),6.2(5.5-6.8),and 10.8(10.2-11.5)for the participants with the overall resilience score of the second,third,and fourth quartile;the participants with a higher dimensional resilience score were also more likely to have higher SWB in comparison to the participants with the first quartile score of dimensional resilience,with the following coefficients(β)(95%CI):1.8(1.0-2.6),3.9(2.9-4.9),6.7(5.5-7.9)for the participants with the strength resilience score of the second,third,and fourth quartile;1.1(0.4-1.8),2.3(1.5-3.1),and 3.4(2.5-4.3)for the participants with the optimism resilience score of the second,third,and fourth quartile;and 2.3(1.2-3.4)for the participants with the SWB tenacity resilience score of fourth quartile,respectively.Conclusion Among community old adults in China,overall resilience and dimensional resilience are positively associated with subjective well-being.