分散式生活污水处理设备在苏南某农村应用研究

Application of Decentralized Domestic Sewage Treatment Equipment in a Village in Southern Jiangsu Province

在苏南某村镇选取4台分散式一体化生活污水处理设备,考察化粪池的有无对出水水质的影响,并采用三维荧光光谱分析仪对污染物的去除机理进行剖析。结果表明,化粪池是生活污水处理必不可少的一环,其水解酸化作用可以加速污染物的去除,从而充分发挥一体化设备各功能段作用,保证出水水质达标。溶解性有机物的去除在有化粪池站区主要在化粪池完成,而在无化粪池站区主要在好氧池完成。由于无化粪池站区功能段缺失,需采用混凝沉淀再处理。三维荧光光谱所表征的特殊污染物质变化与COD变化呈正相关关系,可用来定性衡量污染物的去除效果。

In a village in southern Jiangsu Province,four decentralized integrated domestic sewage treatment equipments were selected to investigate whether the presence of septic tank had an impact on the effluent quality,and the mechanism of pollutant removal was analyzed by three‑dimensional fluorescence spectrum.Septic tank was an essential part of domestic sewage treatment.Its hydrolysis and acidification accelerated the removal of pollutants to fully utilize the function of each unit of the integrated equipment,and ensured that the effluent quality met the discharge standards.The dissolved organic matter was mainly removed in the septic tank when there was a septic tank station,and the removal was mainly accomplished in the aerobic tank without septic tank station.Due to the lack of functional section in the area without septic tank station,coagulation and precipitation should be adopted for re‑treatment.The changes of special pollutants characterized by three‑dimensional fluorescence spectrum were positively correlated with the changes of COD,which could be used to qualitatively evaluate the pollutants removal performance.