高陡度内表面精密车削的刀具稳定性研究

Study on Tool Stability in Precision Turning of High-steep Inner Surface

通过分析高陡度内表面精密车削刀杆振颤的原因、动态特性及其对加工表面质量的影响,建立动力学模型,分析稳定性条件;通过优化设计,将刀杆刚度提高2.52倍;在此基础上,以口径为124mm、长径比为1.16的典型MgF2高陡度头罩为对象开展精密车削实验,测试结果表明加工表面粗糙度稳定达到Ra3.1nm,满足红外光学头罩的使用要求,验证了理论分析的正确性。

The cause of tool flutter, the dynamic characteristics and its influence on the machined surface are analyzed.The dynamic model is established and the stability conditions are studied. By optimizing the structure, the rigidity of cutter bar is increased by 2.52 times. On this basis, taking the typical MgF2 high gradient dome with a diameter of 124mm and a length diameter ratio of 1.16 as the object, the precision turning experiment is carried out. The measuring results show that the machined surface roughness is Ra 3.1nm which meet the requirements of infrared optical dome, and the correctness of theoretical analysis is verified.