院前急救调度员工作反刍与职业紧张的相关分析

Correlation between work-related rumination and occupational stress in emergency medical dispatchers

目的 了解院前急救调度员工作反刍与职业紧张现状,探讨二者之间的关系。方法 2021年6—9月,便利抽样法选取全国各地市363名院前急救调度员为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、工作内容量表和工作反刍量表进行问卷调查。结果 363名院前急救调度员职业紧张程度(D/C)平均值为1.14±0.17,情感反刍得分为(15.12±5.24)分,问题解决反刍得分为(17.64±4.64)分。婚姻状况是情感反刍的影响因素,年龄、工龄是问题解决反刍的影响因素。Pearson相关分析结果表明,院前急救调度员两类工作反刍与职业紧张均呈负相关(r=-0.155、-0.253,均P<0.01)。职业紧张程度及各维度联合预测情感反刍的11.4%(F=10.320,P<0.01),工龄和社会支持联合预测问题解决反刍的16.3%(F=12.716,P<0.01)。结论 院前急救调度员职业紧张程度对情感反刍有显著正向影响,而职业紧张程度对问题解决反刍无显著影响。管理者可通过提高工作要求与社会支持、开展正念干预等方式,引导员工形成积极工作反刍,减少消极工作反刍发生,进而维护院前急救调度人员身心健康,推动院前急救事业的更好发展。

Objective To understand the status of work-related rumination and occupational stress in emergency medical dispatchers,explore the relationship between them.Methods From June to September 2021,363 emergency medical dispatchers in cities across China were selected as the research subjects by the convenience sampling method.The general information questionnaire,job content questionnaire and work-related rumination questionnaire were used to conduct a questionnaire survey.Results The average degree of occupational stress(D/C) of 363 emergency medical dispatchers was 1.14±0.17,the score of affective rumination was(15.12±5.24)points,the score of problem-solving rumination was(17.64±4.64)points.The marital statuswas the influencing factor of affective rumination,while age and length of service were the influencing factors of problem-solving rumination.Pearson correlation results showed that there was a negative correlation between the two types of rumination and occupational stress in emergency medical dispatchers(r=-0.155,-0.253,both P<0.01).The combination of occupational stress and various dimensions predicted affective rumination by 11.4%(F =10.320,P <0.01),and the combination of length of service and social support predicted problem-solving rumination by 16.3%(F =12.716,P <0.01).Conclusions The occupational stress of emergency medical dispatchers has a significant positive effect on affective rumination,while the occupational stress has no significant effect on problem-solving rumination.The managers can guide employees to form positive rumination and reduce negative rumination by improving work requirements and social support and carrying out mindfulness intervention,so as to maintain their physical and mental health and promote the better development of pre-hospital emergency services.