北京某医院术前平均住院日影响因素分析

Influential Factors Analysis of the Preoperative Average Length of Stay of A Hospital in Beijing

目的 了解某医院术前平均住院日的影响因素,为缩短术前平均住院日提供参考依据。方法 运用统计学软件SPSS22.0,通过单因素分析、多元线性回归模型研究某医院普外科2021年1月1日-2021年12月31日手术患者信息数据,通过资料筛选剔除填写不完整、术前住院日小于1天及术前住院日大于均值加3倍标准差(28天)的病案首页资料[5],纳入有效信息714例。结果 某医院普外科全年手术例数占医院总手术例数近30%,术前平均住院日7.76天。纳入的714例手术患者信息,平均年龄55.22岁,其中男性占比(72.55%),ASA分级Ⅱ级最多(71.72%),付费方式以医保为主(90.76%),转科患者(35.15%),传染性疾病患者(55.18%),Ⅳ级手术患者占比(72.13%)。分析显示不同年龄、ASA分级、付费方式、转科情况和主要手术级别的术前住院日P值均<0.001差异有统计学意义;年龄(P,0.013)、ASA分级(P,0.004)、付费方式(P,<0.001)、转科情况(P,<0.001)和主要手术级别(P,0.008)为术前平均住院日的独立影响因素。结论 转科情况、主要手术级别、患者因素(年龄、ASA分级)和付费方式为某医院术前平均住院日的主要影响因素。

Objectives To understand the influencing factors of preoperative average length of stay of a hospital,and provide reference basis for shortening preoperative average length of stay. Methods With the application of SPSS22.0, the influencing factors of preoperative hospitalization days in general surgery of hospital a from January 1st to December 31st, 2021 were studied by univariate analysis and multiple linear regression model. Through data screening, the front page data of medical records with incomplete filling, preoperative hospitalization days less than 1 day and preoperative hospitalization days greater than the mean plus 3 times the standard deviation(28 days) were excluded, 714 cases of effective information were included. Results The annual number of operations in general surgery of a hospital accounted for nearly 30% of the total number of operations in the hospital, and the average length of stay before operation was 7.76 days. The average age of 714 surgical patients included was 55.22 years old, including men(72.55%), the most ASA grade II(71.72%), medical insurance(90.76%), transferred patients(35.15%), patients with infectious diseases(55.18%), and patients with grade IV surgery(72.13%).There were significant differences in age, ASA classification, payment method, transfer and main operation level.age(P,0.013), ASA(P,0.004), payment method(P,<0.001), transfer(P,<0.001) and main operation level(P,0.008)were independent influencing factors of the average preoperative hospital stay. Conclusions Transfer, main operation level, patient factors(age, ASA grade) and payment method were the main influencing factors of the preoperative average length of stay of a hospital.