2010年-2020年湖北地区甲状腺癌发病及死亡趋势分析

Analysis on the Trends in Thyroid Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Hubei Area from 2010 to 2020

目的 了解2010年-2020年湖北地区甲状腺癌发病及死亡趋势,为制定甲状腺癌防治策略提供依据。方法 分层整群抽样抽取湖北地区2010年1月1日-2020年12月31日监测到的肿瘤登记人群,其中甲状腺癌发病研究总数量为3237例,甲状腺癌死亡研究总数量126例,采用统一调查表登记与甲状腺癌发病及死亡相关的信息,计算不同特征人群甲状腺癌发病和死亡粗率、标化率、变化百分比、年度变化百分比。结果 2010年-2020年甲状腺癌粗发病率为16.36/10万,标化发病率为14.51/10万。男女发病比例为1:3.28,女性甲状腺癌发病率是男性的2.66倍;0~14岁甲状腺癌发病率低,20~24岁快速升高,在50~54岁达到高峰(43.36/10万),之后的随年龄呈下降趋势,85岁以上组下降至最低(6.51/10万),其中30~59岁者占发病总人数的80.61%,女性发病率在50~54岁组达高峰(66.54/10万),男性发病率在20~24岁开始上升,40~70岁趋近于平稳,在85岁以上又开始升高。湖北地区甲状腺癌标化发病率从2010年的9.84/10万上升至2020年的26.58/10万,发病率变化百分比为114.87%,年度变化百分比(95%CI)为14.87%(11.88%-18.98%),呈明显上升趋势。甲状腺癌粗死亡率为0.42/10万,标准死亡率为0.48/10万。男女死亡比例为1:1.21。甲状腺癌死亡率随年龄增大而升高,55岁之前的死亡率均处于较低水平,55岁~59岁死亡率开始快速上升,在85岁以上达到最高峰(8.69/10万)。甲状腺癌标化死亡率从2010年的0.43/10万上升到2020年的0.63/10万,死亡变化百分比为6.23%,年度变化百分比(95%CI)为6.23%(4.55%-8.74%)。结论 2010年-2020年湖北地区甲状腺癌发病及死亡均呈增长趋势,应重视青中年人群以及女性的甲状腺癌危险因素防控。

Objectives To investigate the trends in thyroid cancer incidence and mortality in Hubei area, and provide the basis for formulating the prevention and treatment strategy of thyroid cancer. Methods Stratified cluster sampling was used to select the thyroid cancer patients from a population-based cancer registry in Hubei area from January 1st, 2010 to December 31st, 2020, and unified questionnaire was applied to record the information related to the thyroid cancer incidence and mortality. A total of 3237 cases with thyroid cancer and 126 cases died from thyroid cancer were studied. The incidence rate, crude mortality rate, percent change and annual percentage change among thyroid cancer patients with different population characteristics were calculated. Results The crude incidence rate of thyroid cancer was 16.36/100,000 from 2010 to 2020, and the standardized incidence rate was 14.51/100,000. The incidence ratio of male to female was 1:3.28;The incidence of thyroid cancer was 2.66 times higher in female than in male. The incidence rate of thyroid cancer was quiet low in 0-14 age group, showed a rapid increase in 20-24 age group, reached a peak in 50-54 age group(43.36/100,000), then decreased with age, and the rate was the lowest in 85+ age group(6.51/100,000). Among the total cases, 80.61% were in 30-59 age group. Among the female, the incidence rate peaked in 50-54 age group(66.54/100,000). Among the male, the incidence rate began to rise in 20-24 age group, tended to be stable in 40-70 age group, and began to rise again in 85+ age group. The standardized incidence rate of thyroid cancer in Hubei increased from 9.84/100,000 in 2010 to 26.58/100,000 in 2020, with an incidence percent change and annual percentage change(95% CI) of 114.87% and 14.87%(11.88%-18.98%),showing a significant upward trend. The crude mortality rate of thyroid cancer was 0.42/100,000, and the standardized mortality rate was 0.48/100,000. The ratio of male to female was 1:1.21. The mortality rate of thyroid cancer increased with age, and the rate was at a low level before 55 years old, begin to rise rapidly in 55-59 age group, and peaked in 85+ age group(8.69/100,000). The standardized mortality rate of thyroid cancer increased from 0.43/100,000 in 2010 to 0.63/100,000 in 2020, with a mortality percent change and annual percentage change(95%CI) of 6.23% and 6.23%(4.55% ~ 8.74%). Conclusions The incidence and mortality of thyroid cancer in the Hubei area were on the rise from 2010 to 2020, so the prevention and control of thyroid cancer risk factors in the young and middle-aged people and the female were of vital importance.