厚板铝合金磁场辅助激光摆动焊接工艺研究

Study on Magnetic Field Assisted Laser-Weaving Welding Process of Thick Aluminum Alloy Plate

采用10000 W光纤激光器开展磁场辅助激光摆动焊接10 mm厚6061-T6铝合金的工艺试验。利用超景深显微镜和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析焊缝截面的宏观形貌和微观组织形貌。观察到在磁场辅助激光摆动焊接的作用下,焊接接头的下塌、飞溅和凹坑等缺陷得到了明显抑制。进而通过高速摄像机对焊接过程中熔池和小孔的行为特征进行了直接观测,观察到磁场有稳定磁场流动的作用。然后进行了X射线探伤测试了焊缝的气孔率,200 mT磁场辅助激光摆动焊接的气孔率最小,能达到0.856%。最后进行了拉伸性能测试,磁场辅助激光摆动焊接的拉伸强度最高能达到318.85 MPa。

A 10000 W fiber laser was used to carry out the process experiment of magnetic field assisted laser swing welding of 10 mm thick 6061-T6 aluminum alloy.Ultra-depth-of-field microscopy and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)were used to analyze the macro-morphology and micro-structure of the weld section.Under the action of magnetic field assisted laser swing welding,the defects such as sagging,spattering and pitting of welded joints are obviously restrained.Then,the behavior characteristics of the molten pool and the small holes during the welding process were directly observed by high-speed camera,and it was observed that the magnetic field has the effect of stabilizing the flow of the magnetic field.Then X-ray flaw detection was carried out to test the porosity of the weld.The porosity of the 200mT magnetic field-assisted laser swung welding was the smallest,which could reach 0.856%.Finally,the tensile property test was carried out,and the tensile strength of magnetic field-assisted laser swing welding can reach 318.85 MPa at the highest.