马克思共产主义思想的“人与自然”关系之维——对《1844年经济学哲学手稿》的解读

The Dimension of the Relationship between "man and nature" in Marxist Communist Thought——Interpretation of the Manuscript of Economics and Philosophy in 1844

马克思共产主义思想的核心是人与自然的和解,因而人与自然关系就成为马克思共产主义思想中蕴含的基本关系。《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中,马克思从人与自然之间关系的视角出发,对异化劳动、私有财产导致的人与自然异化关系及粗陋的共产主义,进行了理论和实践的双重批判;在此基础上,对作为历史之谜解答的、人与自然和解的共产主义,展开理论和实践的双重阐释。同时,共产主义作为一种实现人与自然和解的理想社会形态,蕴含并体现出马克思的共产主义思想是现实性与超越性统一的理论特质和实践特色。

The core of Marxist Communist thought is the reconciliation between man and nature, so the relationship between man and nature has become the basic relationship contained in Marxist Communist thought. In the manuscript, from the perspective of the relationship between man and nature,Marx criticized the alienated relationship between man and nature caused by alienated labor and private property and crude communism in both theory and practice;On this basis, as a solution to the mystery of history, the reconciliation between man and nature of communism, launched a dual interpretation of theory and practice. At the same time, as an ideal social form to realize the reconciliation between man and nature, communism contains and embodies the theoretical and practical characteristics of the unity of reality and transcendence of Marx’s Communist thought.