“叶绿体色素提取与分离实验”化学原理释疑

Explanation of Chemical Principle of“Experiment on Extraction and Separation of Chloroplast Pigment”

叶绿体色素提取与分离实验是我国高中生物学经典实验,教材中对色素分离原理的解释“绿叶中的色素都能溶解在层析液中,但不同的色素溶解度不同。溶解度高的随层析液在滤纸上扩散得快,反之则慢”与实验不符。教材中的解释是分配色谱原理,我们认为实验内容用吸附色谱原理解释更为合理。介绍了叶绿体色素分离和色谱技术的由来,并利用高中生物学和化学知识,对叶绿体中色素的分离原理进行深入的探讨,有助于教师和学生掌握色素分离的原理,并加深相关知识的理解。

Chloroplast pigment extraction and separation experiment is a classic biology experiment in senior high school in China.The explanation of the principle of pigment separation in the textbook is inconsistent with the experiment that“the pigments in green leaves can be dissolved in the chromatographic solution,but the solubility of different pigments is different.Those with high solubility diffuse quickly with the chromatographic solution on the filter paper,and vice versa”.The explanation in the textbook is the principle of distribution chromatography,but the author believes that it is more reasonable to explain the experimental content with the principle of adsorption chromatography.This paper introduces the origin of pigment separation and chromatography technology,and makes an in-depth discussion on the separation principle of pigment in chloroplast by using the knowledge of biology and chemistry in senior high school,which will help teachers and students master the principle of pigment separation and deepen the understanding of relevant knowledge.