关键词:性别——英语世界中国现代文学传播文献叙录(三)

Keyword:Gender--A Documentary Description of Modern Chinese Literature in the English-speaking World(III)

在过去的半个多世纪里,性别议题始终是英语世界中国现当代文学研究的热点之一,不仅纠正了传统积存的性别迷思,发掘出被压抑的性别主体的自我意识,也摹画了繁复多元的性别对话轨迹。其中,尤以女性主义研究蔚为大观。诸多研究者从不同的角度出发,深入探讨了近代以来历史变革与文化冲击之下,女性身份和社会角色的重建,及其与国族认同、革命思潮、社会秩序之间的纠葛与缠绕。从晚清的名媛闺秀到现代新女性作家,从文学作品中的女主人公到视觉文本中的女性角色,新女性形象不断被叙述、想象和探讨。其独特的美学风格和性别主体性已然超越了阴性/阳刚、理性/感性、主体/客体等二元对立的模式,彰显出丰富的意涵和能动性。海外女性学者独特的视角和思路也在与本土研究范式及主流意识形态的对照下显露出独到的价值。随着社会思潮和批评话语的迭代,对弱势性别群体的关注持续加强,性别空间不断松动、延展,表现出更为多元的质地,因应着强大的传统观念在当代语境下的种种衍生和变体。

The past few decades have witnessed a surprising number of gender studies of modem Chinese literature in English-speaking countries.Scholars in this field endeavored to eliminate the bias and misunderstanding against the female in Chinese traditional culture,and to liberate the female subjectivity from patriarchal discourse.The dialectics between the male and the female became more sophisticated than ever before.Among diverse academic approaches toward Chinese writing and gender issues,feminist perspectives appear to be one of the most inspiring and productive ones.Scholars have been trying to reveal the significant role that the female played during social changes and national crisis,as well as their awakening subjectivity in the process of China's modernization.From the gentry women in late Qing period to the"New Women"after the new cultural comparing around 1920s,several generations of female writers developed their own aesthetic value,taste,and subjectivity through literary practice,demonstrating their own agency.Contemporary female scholars not only re-examined the competition,negotiation,and compromise between genders,and the fonning of new female images against new cultural backdrops,but also extended their focus to the marginalized gender groups,and other gender issues in modem and contemporary China.