基于循证最佳证据总结对产妇第二产程实施会阴热敷的护理效果

Summarize the nursing effect of perineal hot compress on the second stage of labor based on the best evidence-based evidence

目的探讨基于循证证据总结后第二产程实施会阴热敷对产妇分娩的影响。方法选取2021年6月—2022年3月在医院自然分娩待产后宫口开全的产妇400例,按照组间基本特征均衡可比的原则分为观察组和对照组,各200例。剔除研究过程中因胎儿宫内窘迫、头盆不称等终止自然分娩者,最终收集到观察组192例,对照组189例。对照组在第二产程采用传统分娩方式,观察组在对照组基础上给予会阴热敷,观察两组产妇第二产程时间、住院时间、会阴疼痛得分、会阴损伤率及满意程度,采用焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)、抑郁自评量表(self-rating depression scale,SDS)、一般自我效能感量表(general self-efficacy scale,GSES)评价两组产妇的心理状态和自我效能水平。结果观察组在第二产程时间、住院时间短于对照组(P<0.05),会阴疼痛得分、会阴损伤率、SAS得分、SDS得分均低于对照组(P<0.05),GSES得分、满意程度均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论采用会阴热敷能缩短第二产程及住院时间,降低产妇疼痛感、焦虑及抑郁评分,提高其自我效能感及满意度。

Objective To explore the effect of perineal hot compress on parturient delivery in the second stage of labor based on the best evidence-based evidence.Methods From June 2021 to March 2022,400 parturients who had undergone spontaneous delivery in the hospital were divided into observation group and control group according to the principle of balanced and comparable basic characteristics between groups,with 200 cases in each group.Excluding those who terminated natural labor due to fetal distress,cephalopelvic disproportion,etc.during the study,192 cases in the observation group and 189 cases in the control group were fi nally collected.The control group used traditional delivery method in the second stage of labor,and the observation group was given perineal hot compress on the basis of the control group.The time of the second stage of labor,hospital stay,perineal pain score,perineal injury rate and satisfaction degree of the two groups were observed,and the psychological status and self-efficacy level of the two groups of women were evaluated by self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),self-rating depression scale(SDS)and general self-efficacy scale(GSES).Results The second stage of labor and hospital stay in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group(P<0.05),the perineal pain score,perineal injury rate,SAS score and SDS score were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05),the GSES score and satisfaction degree were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The use of perineal hot compress can shorten the second stage of labor and hospital stay,reduce the scores of pain,anxiety and depression,and improve their self-efficacy and satisfaction.