《史记·平准书》文体特色探析

Analysis of the Stylistic Characteristics of the"Shiji Pingzhunshu"

《平准书》作为《史记》“八书”之一,其体例可追溯至《尚书》中的训体文。《平准书》继承并创造性地发展了“训”这一文体,从题材内容来说,《平准书》专门记载了汉代武帝时期的经济货币政策,这是对《尚书》解说知识和政治劝诫题旨的扩展和突破;从思想观念来说,它体现着司马迁对天人关系的思考,这是对《洪范》篇的继承与应用;从文本形态来说,司马迁革新了《尚书》训体文的内部结构和外部形式,这是对《无逸》《高宗肜日》等篇的创新发展。《平准书》的体例源于《尚书》,但又远远扩大了其断代式的思路和视野。

As one of the"Eight Books"of the Shiji,the style of the Book of Pingzhun can be traced back to the precepts in the Book of Shang.In terms of subject matter,the Book of Pingzhun specifically records the economic and monetary policy of the Wudi period of the Han Dynasty,which is an expansion and breakthrough of the interpretation knowledge and political exhortation of the Book of Shangshu;In terms of ideology,it embodies Sima Qian's thinking on the relationship between heaven and man,which is the inheritance and application of the"Hong Fan"chapter;In terms of textual form,Sima Qian revolutionized the internal structure and external form of the Shangshu text,which was an innovative development of Wuyi,Gaozong's Day,and other works.The style of the Book of Pingzhun is derived from the Book of Shangshu,but it has far expanded its disconnected thinking and vision.