高温胁迫对玉米影响的研究进展

Research Progress on the Effects of High-Temperature Stress on Maize

温度是影响玉米生长发育最关键的生态因子,高温是我国玉米主产区非生物胁迫因子之一,高温胁迫对玉米形态特征、生理生化变化、籽粒发育与品质、产量产生不利影响。近年来,玉米生长发育期内高温天气发生频率增多、胁迫持续时间延长,对玉米的影响日渐严重,研究高温胁迫对玉米生理生化的影响机理,制定相应的防御技术措施,对玉米的高质量生产具有重要意义。文章综述了高温胁迫对玉米叶片、雌雄穗发育、根系特征、生理生化特性、籽粒发育与品质的影响,深入探索高温胁迫限制玉米生长发育的机制,为玉米耐高温研究及制定相应的高温胁迫缓解措施提供理论参考。

Temperature is the most critical environmental factor affecting the growth and development of maize,and high temperature is one of the abiotic stresses in maize prime-producing areas in China.High-temperature stress adversely affects morphological characteristics,physiological and biochemical changes,grain development and quality,and the yield of maize.In recent years,the frequency of high-temperature weather duration maize growth and development has increased,and its duration has been prolonged.In recent years,the frequency of high-temperature weather and the duration of stress have increased,and the impact on maize has become more and more serious.It is vital to study the mechanism of the influence of high temperature on the physiology and biochemistry of maize and to develop corresponding defensive technical measures for high-quality maize production.This differentiation expounds the effects of high-temperature stress on maize leaves,male and female ear development,root characteristics,physiological and biochemical characteristics,grain development,and quality for the understanding of the mechanism of high-temperature stress limiting maize growth and development and provides a theoretical reference for the mitigation measures against high-temperature stress.