三亚站气温序列非均一性检验订正及其变化特征分析

Comparison Characteristics and Inhomogeneity Adjustments of Surface Air Temperature Series for Sanya Meteorological Station

利用RHtestsV4软件包中的PMF方法对三亚国家基本气象站1959—2020年的逐月气温序列进行均一性检验,结果显示,气温序列存在非均一性。月平均气温和月平均最高气温序列突变主要是由迁站引起,月平均最低气温序列的不连续受观测时次变更和迁站共同影响。对于观测时次变更引起的突变选用QM订正法进行订正;对于迁站引起的突变,采用高度订正法将迁站后的气温序列订正到迁站前同高度。通过订正得到三亚国家基本气象站均一化的月气温序列,对订正结果进行趋势分析,结果表明:1959—2020年三亚年平均气温、年平均最高气温和最低气温均呈增温趋势,增温幅度分别为0.27、0.24和0.46℃/10a,其中,年平均最低气温的增温趋势最强;月平均气温、月平均最低气温序列在不同月份均呈显著性增温趋势,冬季的增温趋势强于夏季,月平均最高气温在夏季的增温趋势强于其他季节。本研究结论有利于气候资料持续应用,也为今后气候变化、气候预测等相关科研提供参考依据。

With the historical information of Sanya’s basic meteorological observingstation,using the software package of RHtests V4,the homogeneity of the surface air temperature data from 1959 to 2020 in Sanya was tested.Results indicated that the location change of the meteorological station was the main factor causing the inhomogeneity of the surface air temperature series.Also,the observation time change impacted on continuity of the temperature series.Quantile-Matching(QM)adjustments and the height correction method were used to correct the discontinuities of the temperature series.The results of the adjusted surface air temperature series showed that the annual average temperature,annual average maximum,and annual average minimum temperature increased by 0.27,0.24,and 0.46℃/10yr,respectively,from 1959 to 2020.The monthly average temperature and monthly average minimum temperature also showed significant warming trends in various months,especially in winter.The increasing trend of monthly average maximum temperature in summer was higher than in other seasons.The findings of this study are beneficial to the continued application of climate data and provide a reference for future scientific research on climate change and climate prediction.