经济平台化模式下数据的资本化与资本积累新特点

Data Capitalization and the New Characteristics of Capital Accumulation under the Economic Platform Model

伴随经济的平台化发展,数据作为记录人们平台活动信息的载体,已成为数字经济时代的关键生产要素。数据所具有的自然属性与社会属性使其资本化成为可能。数据的资本占有与数据的商品化过程依然符合马克思主义政治经济学的价值运动规律。依据用户平台活动是否具有劳动本性,由用户平台活动痕迹信息数字化而来的原始数据具有不同的价值构成,进而由原始数据得到的衍生数据价值构成也有所区别。在数据商品化进而资本化的过程中,数据资本积累呈现出新的特点,即数据的攫取与控制成为数据资本积累的前提、数字平台成为数据资本积累的关键中介、数据资本无序扩张成为数据资本积累的加速器以及数据垄断资本成为数据资本积累的历史趋势。

With the development of economic platforms,data,as a carrier for recording information about people′s platform activities,has become a key factor of production in the digital age. The natural and social attributes of data make it possible to capitalize. The capital possession of data and the commercialization of data are still in line with the law of value movement of Marxist political economy. According to whether the user platform activities are labor-intensive,the original data obtained by digitizing the trace information of the user platform activities have different value components,and then the value components of the derived data obtained from the original data are also different. In the process of data commercialization and then capitalization,data capital accumulation presents new characteristics,that is,data capture and control become the premise of data capital accumulation,digital platforms become the key intermediary of data capital accumulation,the disorderly expansion of data capital becomes the accelerator of data capital accumulation,and data monopoly capital have become the historical trend of data capital accumulation.