秦巴地区农村妇女乳腺癌筛查结果分析

Analysis of breast cancer screening among rural women in Qinba area

目的分析秦巴地区农村妇女免费乳腺癌筛查项目结果,探讨提高筛查率的措施。方法回顾性分析西安交通大学医学院附属三二〇一医院及南江县妇女儿童医院2021年8月至2022年3月两癌筛查中秦巴地区35~64岁农村妇女共计5974人的乳腺癌筛查资料。统计分析筛查人群的特征及其乳腺超声(BUS)、乳腺X线(MG)和病理检查结果,比较各年龄段之间BUS筛查临床乳腺癌阳性的差异及BUS补充MG筛查临床乳腺癌阳性的差异。结果乳腺癌筛查参与率最高的为45~49岁人群,占比29.56%(1766/5974),60~64岁人群参与率最低,为3.65%(218/5974)。BUS筛查可疑阳性976人(16.34%),阳性282人(4.72%);84人(1.41%)进行MG筛查,可疑阳性18人(21.43%),阳性6人(7.14%);乳腺癌检出率66.96/10万(4/5974)。各年龄段之间BUS筛查临床乳腺癌阳性的差异及BUS补充MG筛查临床乳腺癌阳性的差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论秦巴地区乳腺癌筛查有一定成效,查体联合BUS补充MG的筛查模式合适本地区,但人群依从性仍不高,应提升农村妇女对乳腺癌的科学认知。

Objective To analyze the results of the free breast cancer screening project for rural women in Qinba area,and to investigate intervention measures for the improvement of screening rate.Methods The data of 5974 rural women aged 35 to 64 years old with breast cancer in Qinba area during two cancer screening in 3201 Hospital Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine and Nanjiang County Women and Children Hospital between August 2021 and March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.The characteristics of the screened population,the results of breast ultrasonography,mammography and pathological examination were statistically analyzed.The differences in the positive rates of breast ultrasonography and breast ultrasonography supplemented with mammography in the clinical screening of breast cancer among different age groups were compared.Results The highest participation rate was found in those aged 45 to 49 years old,accounting for 29.56%(1766/5974);the lowest participation rate was those aged 60 to 64 years old,accounting for 3.65%(218/5974).According to breast ultrasonography screening,976(16.34%)cases were suspected positive,282(4.72%)cases were positive;84(1.41%)were screened for mammography,18(21.43%)cases were suspected positive and 6(7.14%)cases were positive;and the detection rate of breast cancer was 66.96/100000(4/5974).There were statistically significant differences in the positive rate of clinical breast cancer screening by breast ultrasonography and breast ultrasonography supplemented with mammography among different age groups(all P<0.05).Conclusions Breast cancer screening in Qinba area has achieved some good results.The screening mode of physical examination combined with breast ultrasound supplemented with mammography is suitable for this area,but the compliance of the population is poor.The scientific awareness of breast cancer in rural women should be improved.