政策工具视角下乡村教师支持政策演变与审思

Evolution and Reflection of Rural Teachers’ Support Policies from the Perspective of Policy Tools

乡村教师支持政策优化程度决定着乡村教育质量高度。本研究以政策工具为视角,运用Nvivo22质性分析软件,对2006-2022年出台的36份乡村教师支持政策从工具类型、政策目标、时间维度进行关联性文本分析。研究发现:自颁布针对性的乡村教师支持政策以来,政府综合运用五种政策工具全面提高乡村教师队伍建设水平,形成了中国特色的乡村教师支持政策演化阶段。进入乡村振兴新阶段,为规避现代性带来的新困境,在教育公平与高质量发展背景下,提出建议:乡村教师政策制定与实施应扎牢公平价值、协调政策工具配置、建立现代化协同机制、构建教师赋权增能模式、完善科学评估体系,切实提高乡村教师队伍质量。

The optimization of rural teacher support policy determines the quality of rural education. From the perspective of policy tools, this study uses Nvivo22 qualitative analysis software to analyze 36 rural teacher support policies issued in year 2006-2022 from the perspective of tool types, policy objectives and time dimensions. The research found that since the promulgation of targeted rural teacher support policy, the government has comprehensively used five policy tools to comprehensively improve the level of rural teacher team construction, forming a stage of evolution of rural teacher support policy with Chinese characteristics. Entering the new stage of rural revitalization, under the background of educational equity and high-quality development, to avoid the new difficulties brought by modernity, the author puts forward suggestions: the formulation and implementation of rural teacher policies should firmly adhere to the fair value, coordinate the allocation of policy tools, establish a modern coordination mechanism, build a model of teacher empowerment and empowerment, improve the scientific evaluation system, and effectively improve the quality of rural teachers.