我国公立医院组织管理制度的历史变革与趋势展望

The Historical Evolution and Outlook from the Development Trend of the Organizational Management System of Public Hospital in China

公立医院运营面临诸多新旧问题,亟待管理体制和运行机制的革新。而深入探讨公立医院组织管理体制机制的内在规律,对构建公立医院组织管理的科学模式具有重大意义。通过分析改革开放以来我国医院组织管理制度法律政策的历史变革可知,公立医院改革经历了自主化经营尝试、市场化自主法人推行、以理事会为核心的多样化法人治理和党委领导融入的法人治理4个大的历史阶段。改革重心从政府外部的宏观行业管理干预转向党委内部的微观组织管理干预,通过构建党委公益治理与法人私益自治有机融合的法人组织治理模式来落实其去行政化的独立自主地位。

In the case of many old and new problems,public hospitals urgently need to reform the management system and operation mechanism. It is of great significance to explore the inner laws of the institutional mechanism of public hospital organization and management to build a scientific model of public hospital organization and management. By analyzing the historical evolution of the laws and policies of hospitals’ organizational management system since the reform and opening up in China,it can be seen that the reform of public hospitals have experienced four major historical stages:attempt at independent operation,implementation of market-oriented independent corporate, diversified corporate governance with council as the core, and corporate governance with Party Committee leadership’s integration. The focus of the reform has also shifted from the outside macro-management intervention from the government to the inside organizational management intervention from the Party committee. Through constructing the corporate organization’s governance model from organic integration of public welfare governance by Party committee and private interests self-governance by corporate,to achieve the independent status of de-administration.