高原短期暴露通过重构肠道微生态环境预防小鼠束缚应激所致肠道炎性反应

Short-term exposure to high altitude prevented intestinal inflammatory response induced by restraint stress in mice by reconstructing intestinal microecological environment

目的探讨短期高原暴露对小鼠束缚应激所致的肠道炎症反应和肠道菌群的影响。方法将C57BL/6小鼠随机分为对照组(Control组)、束缚应激组(S组)、高原暴露组(HA组)和高原暴露束缚应激组(HA-S组)。HA组和HA-S组暴露于模拟海拔3500~4000 m的低压氧舱中14天。从第28~35天开始,S组和HA-S组进行束缚应激。测定不同组别小鼠回肠肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-4、IL-6、IL-10和干扰素-γ,并进行16S rRNA高通量测序检测肠道菌群。结果HA组肠道炎症水平与Control组无显著差异,HA-S组小鼠肠道炎症水平显著低于S组小鼠;16S rRNA测序结果显示,四组间肠道菌群存在差异,其中双歧杆菌属和Muribaculaceae在干预过程中发挥积极影响。结论高原短期暴露可能通过脑-肠轴改变肠道菌群结构并重塑肠道微生态环境,以预防小鼠束缚应激所致的肠道炎症性反应,而双歧杆菌和毛杆菌科菌可能是这一过程中潜在的益生菌。

Objective To investigate the effects of short-term exposure to high altitude on intestinal inflammation caused by restraint stress and intestinal microbiota in mice.Methods C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group(Control group),restraint stress group(S group),high altitude exposure group(HA group)and high altitude exposure with restraint stress group(HA-S group).HA and HA-S groups were exposed to a low pressure oxygen chamber at a simulated altitude of 3500~4000 m for 14 days.From day 28 to 35,the S and HA-S groups were subjected to restraint stress.Ileal tumour necrosis factor-α,interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-4,IL-6,IL-10,and interferon-γwere measured in different groups of mice,and 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing was performed.Results The level of intestinal inflammation in the HA group was not significantly different from that in the Control group,and the level of intestinal inflammation in the mice in the HA-S group was significantly lower than that in the mice in the S group.16S rRNA sequencing showed that there were differences in intestinal microbiota between the four groups,with Bifidobacterium and Muribaculaceae playing a positive role in the intervention.Conclusion Short-term exposure to high altitude may change the structure of intestinal microflora through the brain-gut axis,thus reconstruct the intestinal microecological environment,and prevent the intestinal inflammatory response caused by confinement stress in mice.Bifidobacterium and Trichinella may be potential probiotics in this process.