国外乡村教师教育变革的在地化实践

The Place-based Transformation of Rural Teacher Education in Part of Foreign Countries

为应对乡村优质教师短缺危机、乡村学生学业质量危机以及城乡社会文化断裂危机,国外面向乡村的职前教师培养出现了以在地化教育理念为支点的模式变革。乡村教师教育的在地化转型秉持催生乡村教师地方性意识的培养理念,旨在通过实地体认的方式培育适合乡村社区、学校及学生需要的在地化教育实践者。为此,国外开发了面向乡村教师培养全流程的教师教育项目体系,构筑了政府和公益组织资助支持下的大学、乡村社区及乡村学校等多主体合作伙伴关系网络,并创设了囊括地方性知识、在地化教学能力及实地教学经验等内容要素和具备多样化组织形式的乡村教师教育课程模块。

In order to cope with the shortage of high-quality teachers in rural areas, the crisis of academic quality of rural students and the social and cultural rupture between urban and rural areas, the reform of preservice teacher training model for rural areas has been implemented in some foreign countries, which takes the concept of place-based education as the fulcrum. The place-based transformation of rural teacher education adheres to the cultivation concept of promoting the local consciousness of rural teachers, with the aims to cultivate local education practitioners suitable for the needs of rural communities, schools and students through on-thespot recognition. Therefore, some foreign countries have developed a teacher education project system for the whole process of rural teacher training, and built a multi-agent partnership network of universities, rural communities and rural schools funded by the government and public welfare organizations. Furthermore, a rural teacher education curriculum module has been created in these countries, which includes local knowledge, place-conscious teaching capacity and field teaching experience, and has various organizational forms.