郭象的“不治之治”思想及其虚无性

Guo Xiang’s Thought of“Governing by no Governing”and Its Nihility

尽管郭象构建其思想体系时大多袭用道家特别是庄子思想的主要概念,但这些概念几乎皆经过他的重新诠释,有着自己独特的内涵。表面上看,郭象的“外内相冥”说的确消弭了名教与自然之间的思想张力,实则这一消弭仅具有形式上的意义。因为,郭象的思想既不同于儒家,也有别于道家,其根源在于他对于儒道两家天道观的理论解构。这一解构是彻底而全面的,以至他的“不治之治”思想也仅仅在形式上有似于道家之“无为”。二者在理论旨趣上根本有别,且前者因是无根的,还隐含着虚无性与反文明性。

Although Guo Xiang mostly uses the main concepts of Taoism,especially Zhuangzi’s thought when building his ideological system,almost all these concepts have been reinterpreted by him and have their own unique connotations.On the surface,Guo Xiang’s theory of“Fang Nei and Fang Wai are same”really eliminates the ideological tension between Confucian ethic code and Nature,but in fact,this elimination only has formal significance.Because Guo Xiang’s thought is different from Confucianism and Taoism,which is rooted in his theoretical deconstruction of their view of heaven.This deconstruction is thorough and comprehensive,so that his thought of“Governing by no Governing”is similar to Taoist“Governing by Non-action”only in form.Not only are they fundamentally different in theoretical purport,but also the former is rootless and implies nihilism and anti-civilization.