不同棚型温光效应及其对番茄产量品质的影响

Effects of Temperature and Light on Yield and Quality of Tomato in Different Plastic Tunnel Types

以“爱蜜”番茄种子为试材,采用大棚基质栽培方法,对3种不同开窗结构塑料大棚(顶部不开窗型大棚CK、顶部单侧开窗型大棚SG、顶部双侧对称开窗型大棚FG)进行温光及相对湿度观测,并比较不同开窗棚型对番茄植株生长、产量及果实品质的影响,以期筛选出最适于长江流域番茄春提早栽培的塑料大棚类型。结果表明:3种不同结构大棚的散热性能FG>SG>CK;棚内光照强度FG>SG>CK;棚内湿度CK>SG>FG;SG和FG型大棚能显著增加番茄产量,相比于CK每667 m^(2)分别增产448.81、1005.48 kg,分别提升了14.29%和31.90%。番茄果实中可溶性糖含量和抗坏血酸含量均为FG>SG>CK。顶部全开窗型大棚最适合南方地区生产需要。

Taking‘Aimi’tomato seeds as experimental materials,greenhouse substrate cultivation method was used to observe the temperature,light and relative humidity of three kinds of plastic greenhouses with different window structures(top no window type greenhouse CK,top unilateral window type greenhouse SG,top bilateral symmetrical window type greenhouse FG),and the effects of different window types on tomato plant growth,yield and fruit quality were compared,in order to screen out the most suitable plastic greenhouse type for early spring cultivation of tomato in the Yangtze River Basin.The results showed that the heat dissipation performance of three greenhouses with different structures was FG>SG>CK;light intensity was FG>SG>CK;humidity in shed was CK>SG>FG;SG and FG greenhouses significantly increased tomato yield by 448.81 kg and 1005.48 kg per 667 m^(2),respectively,by 14.29%and 31.90%compared with CK.The contents of soluble sugar and ascorbic acid in tomato fruit were FG>SG>CK.The top full window greenhouse was most suitable for the production needs of the southern region.