刘熙载“本位”说考辨

An Analysis of Liu Xizai's Concept of"Ben-wei"(本位)

“本位”是刘熙载在《艺概》中提出的一个重要的理论命题,然而研究者却关注较少。“本位”语源于禅语,后逐渐衍为文学批评术语。刘熙载对之前“本位”概念进行了整合,提出了“本位”说,并建构了“避本位”“离本位”“犯本位”“称本位”等相关概念。刘熙载“本位”说的意涵是合乎儒家六艺标准的文学宗旨,揭示的是作品义旨与叙述方式之间的融摄。“本位”说是刘熙载构建的衡量文人作品高下的批评准则,对近现代学术产生了影响。

"Ben-wei"(本位),an important theoretical proposition,was put forward by Liu Xizai in The Brief Introduction to Literature and Art.However,relevant researches have been a few.The concept,originated from the Zen language,came to be developed into a literary term.Based on its previous concept,Liu put forward the theory of“Ben-wei”by constructing related propositions such as"avoiding Ben-wei","leaving Ben-wei","committing Benwei"and"conforming Ben-wei".His theory conforms to the Confucian literary spirit,which reveals the integration between the theme of the work and the way of narration.The theory,a critical criterion established by Liu Xizai to measure the quality of literary works,has produced an important impact on modern academic research.