黄河流域实行水资源刚性约束制度的立法思考

Creating a rigid constraint system for water resources in the Yellow River Basin:legislative considerations

黄河在我国生态安全和经济安全保障等方面具有突出的战略地位,水资源短缺是黄河流域最大的矛盾。《中华人民共和国黄河保护法》(以下简称黄河保护法)规定在黄河流域实行水资源刚性约束制度,为支撑流域生态保护和高质量发展提供了有力的法治保障。结合黄河保护法立法工作实践,对实行水资源刚性约束制度立法考虑进行了详细解读,从水资源禀赋条件、水土资源协同情况、节约集约用水水平、水资源管理基础等方面梳理了黄河流域存在的主要水资源问题,分析了实行水资源刚性约束制度的必要性与意义,重点阐述了水资源刚性约束制度的主要框架和内容,为实际工作中深入理解和有效落实水资源刚性约束制度提供参考与借鉴。

The Yellow River has a strategic position in ecological and economic security.However it suffers from serious water shortage.The Yellow River Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China(the Yellow River Protection Law for short)stipulates that a rigid constraint system for water resources should be implemented,which shall provide a strong legal base for ecological protection and high-quality development of the basin.Based on working practices in legislation of the Yellow River Protection Law,a detailed interpretation is given for legislative considerations in the establishment of the rigid constraint system.Key water issues are evaluated from the aspects of natural conditions,soil and water resources coordination,water conservation and utilization as well as foundation of water resources management.The necessity and significance of establishing the rigid constraint system are analyzed which focus on framework and contents of the system,which may provide insight for deeper understanding and effective application of the system.